AS 1484.13.1:2020 pdf IEEE Standard for Learning Technology— Conceptual Model for Resource Aggregation for Learning, Education, and Training

AS 1484.13.1:2020 pdf IEEE Standard for Learning Technology— Conceptual Model for Resource Aggregation for Learning, Education, and Training
1. Overview
1.1 Scope
This standard defines a conceptual model for interpreting externalized representations of digital
aggregations of resources for learning, education, and training. The conceptual model defines a set of concepts and the relationships among them and is expressed as a formal ontology. Internal compositions and uses of digital resources are not specified nor are processing methods for resource aggregations.
1.2 Purpose
Currently, resource aggregations used in learning, education, and training are defined in a variety of
standards and specifications. The conceptual model defined in this standard facilitates interoperability by providing an ontology that can be used to represent a variety of aggregation formats. Interoperability may be achieved by the creation of crosswalks among the various aggregation standards and specifications. In addition, this standard may serve as a common reference for the development and evolution of standards and specifications for resource aggregations and may assist the development of profiles that maximize interoperability between the various aggregation formats.
2. Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies.W3C ® Recommendation (28 October 2004), XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, Second Edition. 1, 2
3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. The IEEE Standards Dictionary Online should be consulted for terms not defined in this clause. 3 aggregation definition document: A document that lists and structures the digital resources of an aggregation. See also: digital resource; resource aggregation. NOTE—Examples: the manifest document in IMS Content Packaging (IMS CP) (IMS Specification [B9]); the mets documents in the Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) ([B19], [B20]); the Digital Item Declaration Language (DIDL) document in MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration (DID) (ISO/IEC 21000-2:2005 [B15]). 4, 5 aggregation format: A documented method of aggregating digital resources into a complex object that can be exchanged among systems. An aggregation format may be defined by a formal specification or standard, but may also be informal. The defining characteristic is that an aggregation format specifies how to combine digital resources into a structured whole, without prescribing the kinds of digital resources, their internal structures, or their intended uses. See also: digital resource. aggregation instance: An instantiation of an aggregation definition document that includes all data necessary to construct a complex object including any references to external data. Multiple aggregation instances, each of which conforms to a different aggregation format, may exist for the same complex object. See also: aggregation definition document; aggregation format. binding: The process that binds a model to a data structure. For example, it can refer to the binding of a conceptual model to the Web Ontology Language (OWL) ontology language. NOTE—See W3C Recommendation [B29].
class: A category of items that share one or more common characteristics. Characteristics can be described informally in a scope note or formally as properties explicitly formulated in logical terms. A class cannot be defined by enumerating its instances because it is generally impossible to know all instances of a class in the world, and the future can bring new instances into being at any time. See also: class instance; open world; scope note. class extension: The set of all real-life instances belonging to a class that fulfill the criteria of the class’s intention. An extension is an open set in the sense that it is generally impossible to know all instances of a class. In an open world, new instances of a class may be created at any time. See also: class; intention; instance; open world. class instance: An instantiation of a class. A class instance has properties that meet the criteria of the intention of the class. The number of instances of a given class declared in an information system is usually less than the total number of instances in the real world. For example, although an individual is an instance of “person,” the individual may not be mentioned in all information systems describing “persons.” See also: class; intention; property.